DictionaryincidenceStriking a surface
noun

incidence

The arrival of light or another incoming force at a surface.

The diagram marks the angle of incidence of the light ray.

Etymology

The Latin verb means to fall upon. The physical sense preserves that arrival when a ray or other incoming influence reaches and strikes a surface.

More examples

  • She adjusted the mirror to change the incidence of the beam.
  • The surface reflected rays arriving at different angles of incidence.
  • The experiment examined normal incidence on the glass.

Forms

incidence

Similar words

reflection
Reflection is a ray’s return from a surface; incidence concerns its arrival at the surface.
refraction
Refraction is bending as a ray enters a new medium; incidence is its arrival at the boundary.