preposition / adverb

on

In contact with a surface, operating, or continuing in a state or activity.

A small lamp sits on the table beside her.

Etymology

The inherited preposition marks position upon or in something. Its broader uses extend that relation to an active condition, such as a device on or an activity continuing on.

More examples

  • The kitchen light is still on.
  • Despite the rain, the game goes on.
  • She stays on duty until six.

Similar words

upon
Also expresses contact with a surface, but sounds more formal.
running
Describes a machine operating, not contact with a surface.