noun
sensor
SEN-ser/ˈsensər/
A device that detects or measures physical conditions.
The sensor in the hot water sends its temperature reading to the meter.

Etymology
Sensor may be a shortening of sensory or an agent noun from sense, naming something that senses. Both possibilities connect the device with detecting physical conditions.
In context
A transmitter is an electronic device mounted in the field or plant close to a sensor. The sensor transduces a measured physical variable like temperature