DictionaryRoot: -ed
English
-ed
having a feature or being in a resulting state
Forms
- -ed
- -d — Used after many bases ending in e.
Origin
Continues an old English ending. Descriptions built from nouns developed alongside forms associated with completed actions.
Note
A word such as wooded describes possession of a feature; it does not require an earlier verb meaning “to wood.”
8 / 9
adjective
involved
Taking part or connected with something; also complicated.
Etymology
The source verb means to roll or wrap in. Participation is pictured as being drawn into an affair, while complexity suggests parts wrapped or entangled together.