adjective

vital

VIE-tul/ˈvaɪtl/

Necessary for maintaining life.

Water absorbed by a plant's roots is vital to its survival.

A plant's roots draw life-sustaining water from soil, cutaway shows roots and moisture, essential requirement.
Etymology

Originally “relating to life,” vital developed the sense “essential to life.” That necessity then extended beyond living things to anything indispensable or extremely important.

In context

The Scottish Parliament25:49
it is therefore absolutely vital that there is resourcing of predator control. That is very important.
Rural Affairs and Islands Committee - 15 March 2023

More examples

  • Oxygen is vital for human survival.
  • The rib cage protects vital organs, including the heart and lungs.
  • Insulin is vital for people with type 1 diabetes.

Similar words

essential
Essential can describe any necessity, not just survival.
indispensable
Indispensable emphasizes that something cannot be done without, whatever the purpose.