-io

an action, process, or result

Forms

-io
-ion- — The longer form used before Latin endings.
-ion — The form carried into many English nouns.

Origin

An old Latin noun ending, inherited from earlier Indo-European word formation.

Note

The ending can name both an activity and what that activity produces.

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noun

substitution

sub-stih-TOO-shun/ˌsʌbstɪˈtuːʃn/

The act or process of replacing one thing or person with another.

The substitution brings one soccer player onto the field as another leaves.

A soccer substitute in blue enters as another player in blue leaves at sideline, referee gestures exchange, no brands.

Etymology

subLatinunder; up from under; subordinate or lesser

+stitutLatinset up or establish

+ionLatinan action, process, or result

“Under” and “set up” combined in a verb meaning “put in another’s place.” The action noun names that replacement process; an early English use concerned appointing a subordinate or successor.

In context

Law&Crime Network1:14

the authority to excuse a deliberating juror for quote good cause end quote uh and allow the uh remaining 11 jurors to return a valid verdict and or with the substitution of one of the jurors

BREAKING: Mistrial in Lindsay Clancy Case!

More examples

The coach makes a substitution late in the game.
No substitution is allowed without the instructor's approval.
The formula becomes simpler after one substitution.

Forms

substitution · substitutions

Similar words

replacement: Can name the new person or thing as well as the act of replacing.
exchange: An exchange can trade both ways; substitution places one thing in another’s role.